解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Algal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), essential for somatic growth and reproduction of aquatic animals, are influenced by ambient environmental conditions, including light and nutrients. Few studies have addressed the extent to which changes in algal PUFA can influence stream herbivore PUFA profiles and the implic...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3573-x
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant-plant facilitation is a crucial ecological process, as many plant species (facilitated) require the presence of an established individual (nurse) to recruit. Some plant facilitative interactions disappear during the ontogenetic development of the facilitated plant but others persist, even when the two plants are...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3586-5
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::By altering the strength of intra- and interspecific competition, droughts may reshape plant communities. Furthermore, species may respond differently to drought when other influences, such as herbivory, are considered. To explore this relationship, we conducted a greenhouse experiment measuring responses to inter- an...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3582-9
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The invasion by winter-annual grasses (AGs) such as Bromus tectorum into sagebrush steppe throughout the western USA is a classic example of a biological invasion with multiple, interacting climate, soil and biotic factors driving the invasion, although few studies have examined all components together. Across a 6000-...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3583-8
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although plant growth is generally recognized to be influenced by allocation to defense, genetic background (e.g., inbreeding), and gender, rarely have those factors been addressed collectively. In quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), phenolic glycosides (PGs) and condensed tannins (CTs) constitute up to 30 % o...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3577-6
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial and temporal variation in resource distribution affect the movement and foraging behavior of many animals. In the case of animal-dispersed trees, numerous studies have addressed masting-the synchronized variation in seed production between years-but the fitness consequences of spatial variation in seed product...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3557-x
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seedling recruitment is a critical driver of population dynamics and community assembly, yet we know little about functional traits that define different recruitment strategies. For the first time, we examined whether trait relatedness across germination and seedling stages allows the identification of general recruit...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3430-3
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several mistletoe species are able to grow and reproduce on both deciduous and evergreen hosts, suggesting a degree of plasticity in their ability to cope with differences in intrinsic host functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of host phenology on mistletoe water relations and leaf gas exc...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3519-8
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In alpine regions, elevational gradients in environmental parameters are reflected by structural and functional changes in plant traits. Elevational changes in plant water relations have also been demonstrated, but comparable information on root hydraulics is generally lacking. We analyzed the hydraulic efficiency (sp...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3513-1
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The promise of "trait-based" plant ecology is one of generalized prediction across organizational and spatial scales, independent of taxonomy. This promise is a major reason for the increased popularity of this approach. Here, we argue that some important foundational assumptions of trait-based ecology have not receiv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3549-x
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As humans continue to alter tropical landscapes across the world, it is important to understand what environmental factors help determine the persistence of biodiversity in modified ecosystems. Studies on well-known taxonomic groups can offer critical insights as to the fate of biodiversity in these modified systems. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3495-z
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have suggested that aquatic microcrustaceans are relatively efficient dispersers in a variety of landscapes, whereas others have indicated dispersal limitation at large spatial scales or under specific circumstances. Based on a survey of a set of recently created ponds in an area of approximately 18 × ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3501-5
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enemies hypothesis states that reduced insect herbivory in mixed-species stands can be attributed to more effective top-down control by predators with increasing plant diversity. Although evidence for this mechanism exists for invertebrate predators, studies on avian predation are comparatively rare and have not e...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3391-6
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Amazonian non-flooded forests with a moderate dry season, many trees do not form anatomically definite annual rings. Alternative indicators of annual rings, such as the oxygen (δ(18)Owc) and carbon stable isotope ratios of wood cellulose (δ(13)Cwc), have been proposed; however, their applicability in Amazonian fore...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3509-x
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthropogenic nitrogen deposition and projected increases in rainfall variability (the frequency of drought and heavy rainfall events) are expected to strongly influence ecosystem processes such as litter decomposition. However, how these two global change factors interact to influence litter decomposition is largely ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3396-1
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite many studies highlighting the widespread occurrence and effects of resource movement between ecosystems, comparatively little is known about how anthropogenic alterations to ecosystems affect the strength, direction and importance of such fluxes. Hydrological regime and riparian land use cause well-documented ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3462-8
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Northern deer populations are typically partially migratory, but the relationship between migratory movements and parasites has received little attention. Migration often involves movement from a low-elevation winter range towards a summer range at higher elevation. In Europe these movements may also involve a gradien...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3465-5
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hybridisation is common in plants and can affect the genetic diversity and ecology of sympatric parental populations. Hybrids may resemble the parental species in their ecology, leading to competition and/or gene introgression; alternatively, they may diverge from the parental phenotypes, possibly leading to the colon...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3498-9
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predators have far-reaching effects on communities by triggering top-down trophic cascades that influence ecosystem functioning. Omnivory and intraguild interactions between predators give rise to reticulate food webs and may either strengthen or dampen trophic cascades depending on context. Disentangling the effects ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3442-z
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Demographic, functional, or habitat diversity can confer stability on populations via portfolio effects (PEs) that integrate across multiple ecological responses and buffer against environmental impacts. The prevalence of these PEs in aquatic organisms is as yet unknown, and can be difficult to quantify; however, unde...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3439-7
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans are rapidly altering thermal landscapes, so a central challenge to organismal ecologists is to better understand the thermal niches of ectotherms. However, there is much disagreement over how we should go about this. Some ecologists assume that a statistical model of abundance as a function of habitat temperatu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3463-7
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile habitat use and early life migratory behaviors of successfully recruited adult fish provide unique insight into critical habitats for a population, and this information allows restoration plans to be tailored to maximize benefits. Retrospective analysis of adult otolith chemistry combined with fish-otolith gr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3443-y
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both phenotypic and genetic quality can influence the survival of individuals through time, although their relative influences are rarely addressed simultaneously. Here we used capture-mark-recapture modelling to assess the influence of both multilocus heterozygosity (MLH) and body size on apparent adult survival in a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3466-4
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some plant secondary compounds, such as terpenes, are very flammable; however, their role in enhancing plant flammability is poorly understood and often neglected in reviews on plant chemical ecology. This is relevant as there is growing evidence that flammability-enhancing traits are adaptive in fire-prone ecosystems...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3454-8
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While parasites are increasingly recognized as important components of ecosystems, we currently know little about how they alter ecosystem nutrient availability via host-mediated nutrient cycling. We examined whether infection alters the flow of nutrients through hosts and whether such effects depend upon host diet qu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3412-5
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogens can drive host population dynamics. Chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease of amphibians that is caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). This pathogen has caused declines and extinctions in some host species whereas other host species coexist with Bd without suffering declines. In the early 1...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3422-3
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical cues that evoke anti-predator developmental changes have received considerable attention, but it is not known to what extent prey use information from the smell of predators and from cues released through digestion. We conducted an experiment to determine the importance of various types of cues for the adjust...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3382-7
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change is disrupting species interactions by altering the timing of phenological events such as budburst for plants and hatching for insects. We combined field observations with laboratory manipulations to investigate the consequences of climate warming on the phenology and performance of the eastern tent cate...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3371-x
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::For organisms that exhibit complex life cycles, resource conditions experienced by individuals before metamorphosis can strongly affect phenotypes later in life. Such resource-induced effects are known to arise from variation in resource quantity, yet little is known regarding effects stemming from variation in resour...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3387-2
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy budgets explain how organisms allocate energetic intake to accomplish essential processes. A likely life history trade-off occurs between growth and immune response in juvenile organisms, where growth is important to avoid predation or obtain larger prey and immune response is essential to survival in the prese...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3365-8
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal endosymbionts in plants may influence interactions among plants, herbivores and their parasitoids through the production of secondary metabolites. We used a lepidopteran pest and its generalist parasitoid to test the effect of endophyte-infected plants on a third trophic level. Endophytic fungi, Aspergillus fla...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3358-7
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human activities can have a suite of positive and negative effects on animals and thus can affect various life history parameters. Human presence and agricultural practice can be perceived as stressors to which animals react with the secretion of glucocorticoids. The acute short-term secretion of glucocorticoids is co...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3318-2
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthropogenic land use may shape vegetation composition and affect trophic interactions by altering concentrations of host plant metabolites. Here, we investigated the hypotheses that: (1) plant N and defensive secondary metabolite contents of the herb Plantago lanceolata are affected by land use intensity (LUI) and t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3347-x
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate plays a fundamental role in limiting the range of a species, is a key factor in the dynamics of large herbivores, and is thought to be involved in declines of moose populations in recent decades. We examined effects of climate and growing-season phenology on recruitment (8-9 months old) of young Shiras moose (...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3296-4
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increases in terrestrial primary productivity across the Arctic and northern alpine ecosystems are leading to altered vegetation composition and stature. Changes in vegetation stature may affect predator-prey interactions via changes in the prey's ability to detect predators, changes in predation pressure, predator id...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3240-7
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid and often remote location of suitable habitats used by migrating organisms is often critical to their subsequent recruitment, fitness and survival, and this includes in the marine environment. However, for the non-feeding post-larval stage of spiny lobsters, effective settlement cues for habitat selection ar...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3251-4
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many amphibians, high temperatures and limited precipitation are crucial habitat characteristics that limit species ranges and modulate life-history characteristics. Although knowledge of the ability of amphibians to cope with such environmental harshness is particularly relevant in the light of ongoing environmen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3258-x
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work suggests that soil nutrient heterogeneity may modulate plant responses to drivers of global change, but interactions between N heterogeneity and changes in rainfall regime remain poorly understood. We used a model grassland system to investigate the interactive effects of N application pattern (homogeneous...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3289-3
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although numerous studies have reported reproductive senescence in wild animal populations, we still know very little on inter-individual differences in rates of ageing and on the factors accounting for these differences. To investigate age-related variation in breeding success in a natural population of Alpine chamoi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3197-y
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water and nitrogen (N) interact to influence soil N cycling and plant N acquisition. We studied indices of soil N availability and acquisition by woody plant taxa with distinct nutritional specialisations along a north Australian rainfall gradient from monsoonal savanna (1,600-1,300 mm annual rainfall) to semi-arid wo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3176-3
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00